Another new Graham Sumner book?

[MeinPanzer]

On leather helmets, we do not have evidence for Italy, but they may have been quite widespread in the Hellenistic world.

Stone models of helmets and cheek pieces from Egypt are on exhibition in the Allard Pierson Museum Amsterdam (see Japser's blog: [url:zce6ozb3]http://www.ancient-warfare.com/cms/editors-blog/jasper-oorthuys/visit-to-amsterdam.html[/url]) and, I believe, also in Berlin, Bonn, Hildesheim and Paris (see also [url:zce6ozb3]http://images.tresoar.nl/bibl-collectie/Hermeneus/Jaargang%2048/4803.pdf[/url]).

These models show intricate designs carved into the stone. These designs are seen as evidence that the models were not used to beat bronze over the stone (because it would have been impossible to catch the fine lines and anyway the designs would then have been negative) but to shrink leather over the stone and then turn it inside out (I have no idea whether this is actually feasible).

As has been discussed in another recent thread, I don't think there's any reason to take this as evidence for leather helmets being worn. Two of the moulds are for shields, and we know for a fact that shield facings were beaten in bronze. What are the examples from Berlin, Bonn, Hidlesheim and Paris? I've only ever seen the ones from Amsterdam discussed in publications.

It should be noted that there is no other evidence for leather helmets being worn in the Hellenistic period, only leather caps.