What is Experimental Archaeology?

[John Conyard]

I've tried. I've tried very hard. But I can't resist.

The term "experimental archaeology" certainly came into the public domain in the early 1960's. I like the term "reconstruction archaeology". And we've failed to agree on definitions ever since. I fear I consider many papers on experimental archaeology a jot above "What I did on my Summer Holidays".

Experimental archaeology has become linked with re-enactment. I go with the standard three fold definition of re-enactor discussed previously on Romans threads.

1/ "Cavorting Ninnie".

Not my term but I like it. It applies to those who dress up inauthentic clothing, and use inaccurate equipment. I suspect modern fibres, trooper helmets and blunt/needle felt weapons would all get an honorable mention in this category. I'm told by perfectly respectable people there is nothing wrong with being a cavorting ninnie, and I'm trying to be liberal about this. I enjoy an occassional cavort, relax a bit, then put my childish toys away.

2/ Those who strive to reproduce and use items based on actual finds.

Hopefully the majority of groups now use good reproduction equipment. It is much easier to source than 20 years ago. But making it yourself is always more worthy than just buying it from someone else. Some will ask if the item was made using the correct period tools, or using modern tools and methods. Frankly, I don't care that much. I appreciate we can learn from studying the various methods of construction. Roman saddles deserve an honourable mention at this point. But no modern replica can mirror the original artefact. If nothing else they were made by different people with different perceptions of the world in which they live. But a good reproduction artefact can fire the imagination and inspire people to learn more.

3/ Those who learn how the artefact was used, and publish hard data.

And here I suspect we arrive at experimental archaelogy. Without damming cavorting ninnies or the majority of re-enactors, this is certainly a higher form of re-enactment. Learning how to use various sharp weapons and equipment, and publishing hard data would qualify. I would suggest testing equipment and clothing on long marches would qualify. Others may see this as playing at soldiers.

Certainly the line between academics and amateurs is blurred. Both have something to offer.

That feels better. Now it's back to getting Roman cavalry to move in the same direction at the same time. Six of them today.